Tailings dam failures are among the most catastrophic events in geotechnical engineering, with flow liquefaction being a primary cause. The Clay And Sand Model (CASM), which incorporates the state parameter concept, is a powerful tool for simulating the behaviour of loose tailings and understanding the mechanisms behind flow liquefaction, such as undrained softening. This phenomenon occurs when the soil’s undrained strength significantly decreases after reaching a peak.
Advanced numerical analysis techniques that account for large deformations, soil non-linearity, and softening are crucial for back-analysing known failure events, assessing the status of existing tailings dams, and designing new, safer tailings facilities.
In this month’s Geotechnical Analysis Coffee Corner, we will:
Provide an overview of the CASM model and its characteristics.
Detail the material parameters and their calibration process.
Present a practical application to demonstrate the model’s usage.